Scaling Behavior of HGF at Billion-Parameter Scale

Determine the scaling behavior of the Hybrid Gated Flow (HGF) architecture when applied to billion-parameter language models, assessing whether performance and stability characteristics observed at small scale persist at the 1B–7B+ parameter regime.

Background

The paper introduces Hybrid Gated Flow (HGF), which combines a 1.58-bit ternary backbone with a gated low-rank FP16 correction path to recover quality lost to extreme quantization. Results are demonstrated on TinyStories with a ~25M parameter model.

While preliminary larger-scale experiments are mentioned (1.2B, 3B, and 7B) with promising but non-final indications, the authors explicitly flag scaling to billion-parameter models as an open question, emphasizing the need to validate whether the observed quality recovery and stability hold at larger scales.

References

Key open questions include: (1) scaling behavior to billion-parameter models, (2) hardware kernel optimization for ternary operations, (3) adaptive gating mechanisms that vary across layers or heads, and (4) application to other modalities (vision, audio).

Hybrid Gated Flow (HGF): Stabilizing 1.58-bit LLMs via Selective Low-Rank Correction  (2602.05269 - Pizzo, 5 Feb 2026) in Conclusion, Future Directions