Optimal spike waveform shapes and timing for Fourier-synthesized deep-brain stimulation

Determine the optimal spike waveform shapes and temporal timing parameters for non-invasive deep-brain stimulation generated via spatio-temporal Fourier synthesis using multiple electrode pairs driven by sinusoidal harmonics, with the goal of concentrating stimulus power into brief high-amplitude pulses while maintaining low skin sensation.

Background

The paper introduces a non-invasive deep-brain stimulation technique based on spatio-temporal Fourier synthesis (STFS) using multiple electrode pairs, each driven by sinusoidal harmonics. By appropriately selecting frequencies and phases across electrode pairs, the resulting current density can be focused spatially at a target subvolume and temporally into sharp spikes with small duty cycles.

Within this framework, the authors emphasize that determining the best spike shapes and timing is crucial for efficacy and tolerability. They state that resolving this question will require experimental validation in animal models and human subjects.