Mechanism of radius inflation in giant exoplanets

Determine the exact physical mechanism responsible for radius inflation in highly irradiated giant exoplanets.

Background

The paper discusses radius inflation as an important complication in empirical exoplanet mass–radius relations, particularly for highly irradiated giant planets. Although the magnitude of inflation depends on planetary mass and irradiation, the physical process that produces the enlarged radii is not established. Identifying this mechanism is necessary for interpreting inflated planets, defining reliable inflation-correction procedures, and improving empirical mass–radius relations.

References

The exact mechanism for radius inflation is unknown, but the extent of the effect is known to depend on planetary mass: more massive objects are harder to inflate.

— Saturns Are Not Large Neptunes: The effect of removing inflated giants from empirical mass-radius relations  (2609.17025 - Dransfield et al., 15 Sep 2026) in Section 1, Introduction