Demonstrate the microscopic origin of superconductivity in graphite

Demonstrate the microscopic structural origin of superconductivity in magnetically sorted graphite powders by establishing whether the superconducting phase is associated with Bernal–rhombohedral (AB–ABC) interfaces, multilayer Moiré (twisted multilayer) stacking faults, or another structural motif.

Background

The authors observe both sharp 2D BKT-like transitions and broader 3D transitions, and they argue that flat-band physics at certain interfaces or stacking faults (e.g., AB–ABC boundaries or twisted multilayers) could enable the high transition temperatures. However, direct structural confirmation is lacking.

They present TEM evidence suggestive of nanoscale domain structures and interfacial regions but emphasize that unambiguous identification of the superconducting microstructure is still needed.