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Observation of superconducting magnetic hysteresis in Li-alloy intercalated graphite

Establish whether magnetic hysteresis measurements on graphite intercalated with lithium-based alloys can reveal the characteristic signature of superconductivity once strong background signals are mitigated, by performing magnetization (M–H) experiments under improved conditions that suppress confounding sample backgrounds.

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Background

While field-dependent magnetization and trapped flux measurements indicate type-II superconducting behavior and mixed-state vortex penetration, the authors report an inability to observe the characteristic superconducting signature in magnetic hysteresis due to strong background signals in Li-alloy intercalated samples.

In their companion Ca–NH3-intercalated graphite paper, such hysteresis signatures were obtained, suggesting that demonstrating them for Li-alloy intercalated graphite remains an unresolved experimental task contingent on reducing background noise.

References

Due to strong background signals of the intercalation samples prepared with lithium alloys, we were not able to observe the characteristic signature of superconductivity in magnetic hysteresis measurements, which was achieved for the graphite samples intercalated with Ca-NH3 solutions in our companion study.

— Signs of Possible High-Temperature Superconductivity in Graphite Intercalated with Lithium-Based Alloys (2510.03256 - Ksenofontov et al., 26 Sep 2025) in Section “Magnetic field dependence of high-Tc transition”