Site-specific PV and charging-demand integration analysis

Develop a detailed analysis of the effects of spatially distributed photovoltaic generation and electric-bus charging demand at individual charging sites, accounting for local grid constraints.

Background

GTFS4EV aggregates photovoltaic generation and bus-charging demand across the entire Dakar BRT system, effectively allowing generation at one location to offset demand at another. This system-level treatment estimates the overall potential for photovoltaic integration and its ability to reduce upstream grid congestion, but it cannot reveal how generation and charging demand interact at individual depots, terminals, or stations.

The unresolved work is to perform a spatially explicit analysis that reflects the locations of photovoltaic generation and charging demand and incorporates the constraints of local electricity grids. Such an analysis would provide more detailed information for infrastructure planning than the aggregated approach used in the study.

References

Such a detailed analysis is left for future work and will depend on the spatial distribution of PV generation and charging demand, as well as local grid constraints.

— Planning electric bus systems with solar photovoltaic integration using open transit data: A case study of the Dakar BRT  (2609.29998 - Dumoulin et al., 24 Sep 2026) in Discussion section, paragraph beginning “We acknowledge several limitations in this study.”