Scalability and commercial viability of hybrid quantum-classical services

Determine whether cloud-based hybrid quantum-classical solutions can scale to achieve the commercial success, modularity, maintainability, and reusability of contemporary service-oriented computing.

Background

The paper presents Quantum-as-a-Service platforms such as Azure Quantum, Amazon Braket, and IBM Quantum as an important means of accessing quantum hardware. Because these platforms combine remote quantum processors with classical orchestration and processing, their practical value depends not only on quantum execution but also on whether the overall service architecture can scale in a manner comparable to established classical service-oriented systems.

The unresolved issue concerns the ability of hybrid quantum-classical services to support commercially viable deployments while retaining modularity, maintainability, and reusability. The paper does not resolve whether current cloud-based architectures can achieve these properties.