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Quantities of in‑house custom AI chips at major hyperscalers

Estimate the total quantities of in‑house custom AI accelerator chips deployed by Microsoft (Maia), Amazon Web Services (Trainium), and Meta (MTIA), using reliable public or verifiable sources.

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Background

Coverage comparisons by chip type are hindered by missing public data on custom silicon from major hyperscalers. Reliable estimates of deployed counts are necessary to assess global AI accelerator capacity and dataset coverage across vendors.

References

Microsoft, AWS, and Meta all developed their own custom silicon AI chips deployed in-house, but we were unable to find trustworthy public estimates of the total numbers.

— Trends in AI Supercomputers (2504.16026 - Pilz et al., 22 Apr 2025) in Appendix: Limitations — Comparing our data with public reports; Table “Variation of coverage by chip type” footnote