Which particle escapes in gravitational pair creation near horizonless compact objects

Determine, for gravitational curvature-induced pair production in spherically symmetric spacetimes around horizonless compact objects of constant density, which partner of each virtual particle pair escapes to infinity and which is absorbed by the object's surface.

Background

The paper emphasizes that gravitational pair production can occur outside compact objects without an event horizon, leading to scenarios where one or both particles from a virtual pair may escape. For horizonless compact objects treated as optically thick, absorbed particles contribute to a surface emission distinct from black-hole evaporation.

In the context of the information paradox and Heisenberg-limited separation of pair creation from the location of decaying matter, the authors explicitly note that it is not a priori clear which member of a created pair escapes or is absorbed, highlighting a concrete uncertainty in the microscopic dynamics of the emission process.