Quantify noise and control-error effects on STA fidelity

Determine the effects of environmental noise and systematic control errors on the fidelity of the inverse-engineered shortcuts-to-adiabaticity protocols that design the time-dependent trap trajectory x0(t) and spin–orbit-coupling strength α(t) to realize fast transport with spin flip and fast splitting in spin–orbit-coupled spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensates.

Background

The paper develops inverse-engineered shortcuts-to-adiabaticity protocols for spin–orbit-coupled spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensates, using time-dependent spin–orbit-coupling strength and trap trajectories to achieve fast transport with spin flip and fast splitting. Analytical solutions and numerical simulations (including Gross–Pitaevskii dynamics) are presented to validate performance and assess robustness against interactions and a transverse Zeeman field.

Despite this, the authors explicitly note that understanding how environmental noise and systematic control errors affect the fidelity of these protocols remains to be investigated, identifying this as an open direction beyond the scope of the current analysis.