Matter effects on flavor transitions of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos based on different decoherence schemes (2205.03164v3)

Abstract: The progress of neutrino astronomy makes the precise measurement of the flavor ratio of high energy astronomical neutrinos (HANs) possible in the near future. Then matter effects and new physics effects on the flavor transition of HANs could be tested by the next-generation neutrino telescopes. In this paper we study matter effects in gas around the sources of HANs. The matter effects are dependent on both the decoherence schemes and the sources of neutrinos. We examine the predictions on the flavor ratio at Earth for typical sources with five decoherence schemes. For the adiabatic schemes, the matter effect is notable and may be identified in the special range of the electron density, irrespective of the production sources of HANs. Hence, the precise measurement of the flavor ratio would provide constrains on the propagation schemes and the matter parameter.