Tri-DehazeGS: Scene--Medium Decoupled Gaussian Splatting with Transmittance-Aware Optimization

Abstract: Recovering clean 3D scenes from hazy multi-view images is challenging because haze attenuates scene radiance and introduces atmospheric scattering. Recent scattering-aware Gaussian Splatting methods introduce physical haze models into reconstruction, but they often apply degradation in image space or bind medium-related variables to Gaussian primitives, which can entangle clean scene radiance with atmospheric effects. Moreover, low-transmittance regions provide weakened supervision for Gaussian optimization, causing distant or dense-haze areas to be under-reconstructed. We argue that clean reconstruction under haze requires both scene--medium disentanglement and transmittance-aware optimization rebalancing. To this end, we propose Tri-DehazeGS, a scene--medium decoupled Gaussian Splatting framework. It represents the clean scene with Gaussian primitives, models the participating medium using an independent view-shared tri-plane field, and composes hazy observations through a physical scattering model. We further introduce Medium-Decoupled Transmittance Gradient Compensation (MD-TGC), which compensates haze-suppressed gradients after medium freezing without altering forward rendering. Experiments on real and synthetic haze benchmarks show that Tri-DehazeGS improves clean novel-view reconstruction. Code is available at https://github.com/aptx46/Tri-DehazeGS.