Accessing continuous-variable entanglement witnesses with multimode spin observables (2305.02227v2)

Abstract: We present several measurement schemes for accessing separability criteria for continuous-variable bipartite quantum systems. Starting from moments of the bosonic mode operators, criteria suitable to witness entanglement are expressed in terms of multimode spin observables via the Jordan Schwinger map. These observables are typically defined over a few replicas of the state of interest and can be transformed into simple photon-number measurements by passive optical circuits. Our measurement schemes require only a handful of measurements, thereby allowing one to efficiently detect entanglement without the need for costly state tomography as illustrated for a variety of physically relevant states (Gaussian, mixed Schr\"odinger cat, and NOON states). The influence of typical experimental imperfections is shown to be moderate.