Higher-order correction to weak-field lensing of an Ellis-Bronnikov wormhole (2302.13704v2)

Abstract: The gravitational lensing effect at higher order under weak-field approximation is believed to be important to distinguish black holes and other compact objects such as wormholes. The deflection angle of a generic wormhole is difficult to solve analytically; thus approximation methods are implemented. In this paper, we investigate the weak-field deflection angle of a specific wormhole, the Ellis-Bronnikov wormhole, up to the 1/b^4 order. We use different approximation formalisms, study their precision at 1/b^4 order by a comparison to a purely numerical result, and finally rank these formalisms by their accuracy. Moreover, we find that certain formalisms are sensitive to the choice of coordinate system; thus it is important to choose the coordinate system appropriately for the evaluating of lensing physics.