Partial Domination and Irredundance Numbers in Graphs (2206.07208v1)

Abstract: A dominating set of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a vertex set $D$ such that every vertex in $V(G) \setminus D$ is adjacent to a vertex in $D$. The cardinality of a smallest dominating set of $D$ is called the domination number of $G$ and is denoted by $\gamma(G)$. A vertex set $D$ is a $k$-isolating set of $G$ if $G - N_{G}[D]$ contains no $k$-cliques. The minimum cardinality of a $k$-isolating set of $G$ is called the $k$-isolation number of $G$ and is denoted by $\iota_{k}(G)$. Clearly, $\gamma(G) = \iota_{1}(G)$. A vertex set $I$ is irredundant if, for every non-isolated vertex $v$ of $G[I]$, there exists a vertex $u$ in $V \setminus I$ such that $N_{G}(u) \cap I = {v}$. An irredundant set $I$ is maximal if the set $I \cup {u}$ is no longer irredundant for any $u \in V(G) \setminus I$. The minimum cardinality of a maximal irredundant set is called the irredundance number of $G$ and is denoted by $ir(G)$. Allan and Laskar \cite{AL1978} and Bollob\'{a}s and Cockayne \cite{BoCo1979} independently proved that $\gamma(G) < 2ir(G)$, which can be written $\iota_1(G) < 2ir(G)$, for any graph $G$. In this paper, for a graph $G$ with maximum degree $\Delta$, we establish sharp upper bounds on $\iota_{k}(G)$ in terms of $ir(G)$ for $\Delta - 2 \leq k \leq \Delta + 1$.