Fluctuations of nodal sets on the 3-torus and general cancellation phenomena

Abstract: In 2017, Benatar and Maffucci arXiv:1708.07015 established an asymptotic law for the variance of the nodal surface of arithmetic random waves on the 3-torus in the high-energy limit. In a subsequent work, Cammarota arXiv:1708.07679 proved a universal non-Gaussian limit theorem for the nodal surface. In this paper, we study the nodal intersection length and the number of nodal intersection points associated, respectively, with two and three independent arithmetic random waves of same frequency on the 3-torus. For these quantities, we compute their expected value, asymptotic variance as well as their limiting distribution. Our results are based on Wiener-It^{o} expansions for the volume and naturally complement the findings of Cammarota arXiv:1708.07679. At the core of our analysis lies an abstract cancellation phenomenon applicable to the study of level sets of arbitrary Gaussian random fields, that we believe has independent interest.