Non-Universal Moderate Deviation Principle for the Nodal Length of Arithmetic Random Waves

Abstract: Inspired by the recent work [MRT21], we prove a non-universal non-central Moderate Deviation principle for the nodal length of arithmetic random waves (Gaussian Laplace eigenfunctions on the standard flat torus) both on the whole manifold and on shrinking toral domains. Second order fluctuations for the latter were established in [MPRW16] and [BMW20] respectively, by means of chaotic expansions, number theoretical estimates and full correlation phenomena. Our proof is simple and relies on the interplay between the long memory behavior of arithmetic random waves and the chaotic expansion of the nodal length, as well as on well-known techniques in Large Deviation theory (the contraction principle and the concept of exponential equivalence).