Establish zero-shot generalization without target-patient iEEG

Determine what intracranial events, features, or waveforms generalize across patients and sites without using target-patient intracranial EEG for model fitting, calibration, contact selection, or hyperparameter choice.

Background

The review distinguishes patient-specific evaluation, adapted cross-patient evaluation using target-patient paired recordings, and target-iEEG-free zero-shot evaluation. Current adapted results do not establish pre-implant zero-shot generalization.

The unresolved issue is whether scalp-to-intracranial models can transfer to new patients, anatomical regions, implantation configurations, and acquisition sites without any target-patient invasive information.

References

What generalises without target-patient invasive data?

Virtual iEEG from Scalp EEG: Charting the Landscape of Source Imaging, Intracranial Inference and Reconstruction  (2608.26998 - He et al., 27 Aug 2026) in Section 7, “Outstanding questions and research priorities”