Incorporating Galactic turbulent magnetic fields into monopole propagation predictions

Incorporate the turbulent component of the Galactic magnetic field into low-mass magnetic-monopole propagation simulations using updated Galactic magnetic-field models, and rigorously determine its effect on the predicted arrival-direction distributions.

Background

The simulations use the coherent components of the UF23 Galactic magnetic-field models because an updated turbulent component is not available in the implementation used by the study. A comparison using the older JF12 model suggests that turbulence broadens the predicted arrival-direction distributions by only a few degrees, but this estimate is not a rigorous treatment within the preferred UF23 framework.

The authors identify the inclusion of turbulence as a task for future Galactic magnetic-field model updates. Resolving it is relevant to the angular concentration of the predicted magnetic-monopole flux and consequently to the acceptance and flux limits of terrestrial searches.

References

The effect could be rigorously taken into account with the next update of the field models including the turbulent component, and it is left for future studies.

— Low-Mass Magnetic Monopoles in the Galaxy: Simulations and Comparison with Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic-Ray Data  (2609.10784 - AL-Zetoun et al., 9 Sep 2026) in Section 4, “Implications of an anisotropic flux for experimental limits” and Conclusion