Cause of contradictory reports on SHE anisotropy in ferromagnets

Determine whether the observed discrepancies in the reported anisotropy of the spin Hall effect in ferromagnetic metals—where some experiments report isotropic behavior and others report anisotropic behavior—are attributable to experimental differences or reflect intrinsic material-dependent effects.

Background

The anisotropy of the spin Hall effect (SHE) in ferromagnets has been investigated across numerous materials and methods, yielding mixed outcomes: some studies report isotropy while others find clear anisotropy. This ambiguity complicates both interpretation and device design relying on spin–charge interconversion in ferromagnets. Clarifying whether these discrepancies originate from measurement methodologies or are intrinsic to specific materials is necessary to unify the field’s understanding and to guide material selection and device engineering.