Mechanism of collision–coalescence in clouds

Establish the physical mechanism governing collision–coalescence of atmospheric particles that drives cloud droplet growth and precipitation and influences aerosol budgets, clarifying the underlying microphysical processes.

Background

Aerosol–cloud interactions involve multiple nonlinear microphysical processes across scales. The collision–coalescence of particles is central to precipitation formation and aerosol cycling but remains insufficiently characterized.

Improved understanding of collision–coalescence is critical for quantifying aerosol–cloud interactions and reducing uncertainties in climate projections.