Cross-lingual and cross-legal-system applicability of LexReward

Determine whether the LexReward taxonomy and its reward criteria generalize to languages and legal systems beyond the Chinese legal context, and establish how they should be adapted for those settings.

Background

LexReward is constructed and evaluated using Chinese-language legal materials and datasets, so the reported experiments do not establish whether its three-dimensional taxonomy—Style, Element, and Chain—transfers to other linguistic or legal environments. The paper explicitly identifies this applicability as untested and proposes examining the necessary adaptations for other languages and legal systems.

References

Our taxonomy is grounded in Chinese legal materials input from the Chinese legal context, and our evaluation is therefore limited to Chinese-language datasets. Its applicability to other languages and legal systems remains untested. Future work will extend the framework to these settings and examine how the taxonomy and its reward criteria should be adapted.

— LexReward: A Taxonomy-Driven Reward Framework for Legal Language Models  (2609.39071 - Cai et al., 30 Sep 2026) in Section C, Limitations