Including external covariates in CTRW and BSAR models

Extend the Coupled Continuous Time Random Walk (CTRW) model and the Bayesian Spectral Analysis Regression (BSAR) model with an isotonic Gaussian Process prior to include external covariates such as CO2 emissions, aerosol concentrations, and urbanization indices in order to attribute observed annual maximum temperature dynamics to anthropogenic and natural drivers.

Background

The paper compares CTRW and BSAR models using time as the primary predictor of annual maximum temperature trends. For attribution and improved explanatory power, the authors highlight the importance of incorporating external covariates reflecting anthropogenic and natural influences.

They explicitly mark this direction as an open avenue, proposing the inclusion of covariates such as CO2 emissions, aerosols, and urbanization indices.