Future evolution of Python bindings for Geant4

Determine how community projects that expose Geant4 functionality to Python, such as geant4_pybind, will evolve with respect to ongoing development, maintenance, and long-term viability for steering Geant4 simulations via Python.

Background

Geant4 has historically been steered via C++ code, with past attempts like g4py/g4python introducing Python-based control but no longer being maintained. More recent efforts, including geant4_pybind, aim to provide Python bindings to Geant4 to simplify simulation setup and execution.

The authors note explicit uncertainty about the future trajectory of these external Python binding projects, which motivates GATE 10’s decision to implement its own binding layer from scratch while acknowledging the unresolved question of how these independent projects will progress and be supported.

References

Other solutions to expose Geant4 code to Python have also been proposed, including geant4_pybind, but it is unclear how these projects will evolve.

— The new GATE 10 Monte Carlo particle transport simulation software -- Part I: Development and new features (2507.09842 - Sarrut et al., 14 Jul 2025) in Section 2, Subsection "Previous efforts to steer Geant4 via Python"