Fixed-cardinal control of extension multiplicities

Determine whether, for a complete theory T failing the Gaifman property, the value of I_T(\kappa,\kappa) can be bounded or otherwise controlled by a cardinal fixed independently of the size \kappa of the models.

Background

The quantity I_T(\kappa,\kappa) measures the supremum, over P-parts of size \kappa, of the number of non-isomorphic-over-the-base models of size \kappa extending a fixed P-part. The paper constructs theories failing the Gaifman property for which this quantity can equal values such as \ded(\kappa) or \kappa{\aleph_0}. It then asks whether this multiplicity can instead be controlled by a fixed cardinal when the theory fails the Gaifman property. The preceding constructions do not resolve the issue because their behavior depends on compactness and on the size of the model.

References

This leads to the following question. Can $I_T(\kappa,\kappa)$ be controlled by a fixed cardinal when $T$ fails the Gaifman property?

Counterexamples to the Generalized Gaifman Conjecture  (2608.16099 - Zhang, 17 Aug 2026) in Section 2, immediately following Proposition on the \kappa^{\aleph_0} construction; Question 2.1 (labelled question:fixed-bound)