Effects of near-horizon gauge modes on transfer of charged and spinning particles

Investigate the impact of near-horizon gauge modes—specifically the large SO(3) and U(1) modes present for near-extremal charged de Sitter black holes—on the energy, charge, and angular-momentum transfer rates for emissions and absorptions of charged and spinning particles within the Schwarzian plus gauge-mode effective theory.

Background

Beyond the universal Schwarzian sector, near-extremal charged de Sitter black holes exhibit additional boundary gauge modes associated with large SO(3) isometries and a de Sitter-specific U(1) sector. The paper notes these modes can modify low-temperature dynamics and that a comprehensive analysis of their contributions is beyond the present scope.

Understanding how these gauge modes alter transition amplitudes and densities of states is essential to accurately model emissions and absorptions of charged and spinning particles from near-extremal de Sitter black holes, and to assess deviations from the scalar-only treatment and flat-space analogs.