Distinguish trap configurations yielding identical integrated spectral fingerprints

Develop and validate methods to uniquely distinguish different spatial configurations of charge traps near an SnV center when those configurations produce identical integrated photoluminescence excitation spectra, for example by incorporating time-resolved charge dynamics and detailed physical models of trap ionization and thermalization.

Background

The reported electrometer can reconstruct local charge environments from spectral fingerprints but faces ambiguity when distinct trap configurations lead to indistinguishable integrated spectra.

The authors explicitly note their current inability to disambiguate all such cases and suggest that integrating time-resolved dynamics and refined ionization models may resolve the ambiguity, framing a concrete methodological open problem.