Nature and Formation of Personality

Determine what personality consists of and how personality is formed, in order to clarify the basis for constructing synthetic personalities that can support stable and interpretable expression in artificial intelligence agents.

Background

The paper’s conceptual appendix argues that personality performs stabilising and mediating functions in relation to style: it can support the continuity and interpretability of habitual expression while also shaping communication with others. The proposed PersMem architecture adopts a synthetic personality representation for role-playing agents, but the authors distinguish this engineering approximation from a genuine account of personhood or human personality.

The authors explicitly identify the constitution and formation of personality as unresolved. Resolving these questions would provide a deeper conceptual foundation for designing personality-grounded artificial intelligence systems, although the current paper does not attempt to answer them.

References

It is difficult to manufacture something that we do not yet understand: what personality consists of and how it is formed remain unresolved questions.

— PersMem: Internalizing Personality into Dual-Pathway Memory for LLM Agents  (2609.34372 - Zhang et al., 28 Sep 2026) in Appendix A, “Toward a Characteristic Voice: A Conceptual and Philosophical Perspective on Personality-Grounded Responses”