Local laws and spectral properties of deformed sparse random matrices (2507.02298v1)

Abstract: We consider deformed sparse random matrices of the form $H= W+ \lambda V$, where $W$ is a real symmetric sparse random matrix, $V$ is a random or deterministic, real, diagonal matrix whose entries are independent of $W$, and $\lambda = O(1) $ is a coupling constant. Under mild assumptions on the matrix entries of $W$ and $V$, we prove local laws for $H$ that compares the empirical spectral measure of it with a refined version of the deformed semicircle law. By applying the local laws, we also prove several spectral properties of $H$, including the rigidity of the eigenvalues and the asymptotic normality of the extremal eigenvalues.