Lower dimensional black holes in nonlinear electrodynamics: causal structure and scalar perturbations (2506.09303v2)

Abstract: We study the charged black hole solutions of a 2+1 nonlinear electrodynamical theory with cosmological constant. Considered as a one-parameter group of theories (the exponent of the squared Maxwell tensor) the causal structure of all possible black holes is scrutinized. We analyze the singularity character that each theory delivers together with their horizons and the plausible limitations in the black hole charges. The investigation demonstrates a rich structure of three different groups of theories, according to the qualitative behavior of the singularity, horizons and limitations in the geometric charges. For such groups we study the effect of a scalar field propagating in the fixed black holes spacetime. All geometries analyzed were stable to such linear perturbations, these evolving as usual quasinormal spectra of the black holes that we calculate in different cases.