RAGViz: Diagnose and Visualize Retrieval-Augmented Generation (2411.01751v1)

Abstract: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) combines knowledge from domain-specific sources into LLMs to ground answer generation. Current RAG systems lack customizable visibility on the context documents and the model's attentiveness towards such documents. We propose RAGViz, a RAG diagnosis tool that visualizes the attentiveness of the generated tokens in retrieved documents. With a built-in user interface, retrieval index, and LLM backbone, RAGViz provides two main functionalities: (1) token and document-level attention visualization, and (2) generation comparison upon context document addition and removal. As an open-source toolkit, RAGViz can be easily hosted with a custom embedding model and HuggingFace-supported LLM backbone. Using a hybrid ANN (Approximate Nearest Neighbor) index, memory-efficient LLM inference tool, and custom context snippet method, RAGViz operates efficiently with a median query time of about 5 seconds on a moderate GPU node. Our code is available at https://github.com/cxcscmu/RAGViz. A demo video of RAGViz can be found at https://youtu.be/cTAbuTu6ur4.

• The paper introduces RAGViz, a tool that diagnoses and visualizes attention in retrieval-augmented generation workflows to improve model explainability.
• It employs dual-level analysis of token and document attention to precisely evaluate how retrieved texts influence LLM outputs.
• The system integrates advanced ANN retrieval and efficient vLLM pipelines, achieving median query times of around 5 seconds.

An Expert Overview of RAGViz: Diagnose and Visualize Retrieval-Augmented Generation

The paper "RAGViz: Diagnose and Visualize Retrieval-Augmented Generation" presents a systematic tool to enhance the explainability and efficiency of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems. The authors introduce RAGViz, a diagnostic application developed to facilitate comprehensive analysis and visualization of attention mechanisms within RAG workflows. This paper is anchored in the domain of enhancing LLMs with domain-specific knowledge, crucial for grounding answer generation beyond the fixed parameter space typically occupied by traditional LLM setups.

Context and Contributions

In the field of AI and LLMs, Retrieval-Augmented Generation leverages a hybrid mechanism that combines parametric and non-parametric memory, significantly improving the factual accuracy in generated responses. Current RAG implementations often return outputs based on document contexts without exhibiting transparency, thus limiting their reusability and validation potential. RAGViz addresses this challenge by introducing an attention visualization toolkit empowered with two core functionalities: token and document-level attention analysis, and generative outcome comparison influenced by document inclusion or exclusion.

Key to RAGViz's functionality is its ability to dissect the attentiveness of LLMs at both macro (entire documents) and micro (individual tokens) levels. This dual-tier analysis aids researchers in diagnosing document influence effectively, cutting through the complexity of determining which elements of the retrieved textual content impact LLM outputs.

Technical Framework

RAGViz leverages a distributed architecture comprising multiple specialized nodes to handle distinct tasks from querying to visualization. Employing a hybrid Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) index for effective document retrieval positions the system for high retrieval precision while keeping computational demands optimal. The backbone LLM for this paper is the Llama-2-7b, demonstrating RAGViz's adaptability with a HuggingFace-supported model infrastructure.

The computational pipelines utilize the vLLM library for efficient LLM inference, although the system's dual-model structure—incorporating HuggingFace for attention score extraction—signals areas for potential operational synthesis. The architecture is competent, delivering median query execution times around 5 seconds, primarily limited by the inference and attention extraction stages.

Implications and Further Developments

RAGViz is poised to fill a significant void in the AI landscape by offering diagnose-able retrieval and generation mechanisms suitable for a range of practical and theoretical applications. It supports iterative experimentation thresholds, whereby LLM practitioners can toggle document inclusion, determining the resulting shifts in generative accuracy and insightfully attributing hallucinations to either the parametric memory of the LLM or to inaccuracies within the retrieval process.

Immediate enhancements might consider unifying the LLM inference pathway under a single framework, bolstering system cohesiveness and potentially unlocking new latencies optimizations. Furthermore, the scalability of RAGViz can be greatly enhanced by supporting multi-model testing environments, allowing for comparative analyses across various retrieval-modified LLMs.

In conclusion, RAGViz represents a thoughtfully engineered extension to RAG systems that not only debugs and visualizes model attentiveness but also pushes forward the understanding of document influence on LLMs. This paper lays a solid groundwork for elevating the utility and transparency of computational language generation, positioning RAGViz as a useful tool in the expansion of explainable AI tools. Future research could refine the interaction between attention scores and output interpretability, potentially broadening the relevance and application of insights derived from RAG diagnostics.