Some numerical radius inequalities for semi-Hilbert space operators

Abstract: Let $A$ be a positive bounded linear operator acting on a complex Hilbert space $\big(\mathcal{H}, \langle \cdot\mid \cdot\rangle \big)$. Let $\omega_A(T)$ and ${|T|}_A$ denote the $A$-numerical radius and the $A$-operator seminorm of an operator $T$ acting on the semi-Hilbertian space $\big(\mathcal{H}, {\langle \cdot\mid \cdot\rangle}_A\big)$ respectively, where ${\langle x\mid y\rangle}_A := \langle Ax\mid y\rangle$ for all $x, y\in\mathcal{H}$. In this paper, we show that \begin{equation*}\label{m1} \tfrac{1}{4}|T^{\sharp_A} T+TT^{\sharp_A}|_A\le \omega_A^2\left(T\right) \le \tfrac{1}{2}|T^{\sharp_A} T+TT^{\sharp_A}|_A. \end{equation*} Here $T^{\sharp_A}$ is denoted to be a distinguished $A$-adjoint operator of $T$. Moreover, a considerable improvement of the above inequalities is proved. This allows to compute the $\mathbb{A}$-numerical radius of the operator matrix $\begin{pmatrix} I&T \ 0&-I \end{pmatrix}$ where $\mathbb{A}= \text{diag}(A,A)$. In addition, several $A$-numerical radius inequalities for semi-Hilbertian space operators are also established.