Dice Question Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com

Vojta’s Height Inequality for curves (Mochizuki’s formulation)

Establish that for any number field L, any geometrically connected smooth projective curve X/L with a reduced divisor D such that U=X−D is a hyperbolic curve, and any integer d≥1, the inequality h_{ω_X(D)}(P) ≤ (1+ε)(log-diff_X(P)+log-con_D(P)) holds for all points P in U(\overline{L}) of degree at most d and every ε>0, where log-diff_X(P) denotes the normalized arithmetic degree of the different of L(P)/L and log-con_D(P) denotes the normalized arithmetic degree of the reduced pullback of D along the morphism associated to P.

Information Square Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com

Background

Vojta’s Height Inequality is a deep conjectural statement generalizing aspects of Nevanlinna theory to arithmetic geometry; for curves, it predicts a uniform relation among heights, discriminants, and arithmetic conductors of points. It is known to imply the abc-conjecture, and van Frankenhuysen established its equivalence (in suitable formulations) with strong abc.

The paper adopts Mochizuki’s formulation tailored to working on compactly bounded subsets and uses Arithmetic Teichmüller Space techniques to derive bounds that, together with Mochizuki’s reductions, aim to establish Vojta’s inequality and hence the abc-conjecture.

References

In conjectured a general inequality, which is now known as Vojta's Height Inequality for Curves (\Cref{con:vojta-inequality}), and showed that this inequality implies the $abc$-conjecture (\Cref{con:abc}). Let $L$ be a number field. Let $(X,D)/L$ be a pair consisting of a geometrically connected, smooth, projective curve over $L$ and $D\subset X$ a reduced divisor such that $U=X-D$ is a (punctured) hyperbolic curve over $L$. Let $d\geq 1$ be an integer. Then for every $\varepsilon>0$, the following inequality $$_{\omega_X(D)}\lesssim (1+\varepsilon)\left(log-diff_X+log-con_D\right)$$ holds on $U(\overline{L}){\leq d}=(X-D)(\overline{L}){\leq d}.

Construction of Arithmetic Teichmuller Spaces IV: Proof of the abc-conjecture (2403.10430 - Joshi, 15 Mar 2024) in Section 2.5 (Vojta’s Height Inequality)