Validate the Jammed-Network Scattering framework in three dimensions

Validate whether the qualitative features of the Jammed-Network Scattering framework, including its pressure-dependent attenuation crossover, extend from two-dimensional frictionless disk packings to three-dimensional, polydisperse granular packings with friction.

Background

The numerical study uses two-dimensional frictionless disks, whereas marine sediments are three-dimensional, polydisperse, and characterized by non-negligible intergranular friction. The authors expect the qualitative mechanism to carry over, partly because several linear-response scaling exponents are shared between two and three dimensions.

Nevertheless, friction changes the isostatic threshold and may alter the excess low-frequency modes responsible for scattering, potentially shifting the crossover frequency and its sharpness. Direct confirmation in realistic three-dimensional packings is therefore left unresolved.

References

The simulations presented here use networks generated via 2D frictionless packings, whereas marine sediments are obviously three-dimensional and polydisperse with non-negligible friction between grains. However, we expect the qualitative features of the JNS framework to extend to three dimensions, although confirming this remains a target for future work.

— Proximity to Jamming Governs Acoustic Attenuation in Damped Packings  (2608.28157 - Kawamura et al., 28 Aug 2026) in Section 4, paragraph beginning “The simulations presented here use networks generated via 2D frictionless packings”