Universal NISQ-to-fault-tolerant crossover

Determine whether a universal crossover exists between noisy intermediate-scale quantum and fault-tolerant execution for spatially inhomogeneous many-body neutrino simulations, independent of hardware, connectivity, error rates, and resource-accounting assumptions.

Background

The paper estimates NISQ and fault-tolerant costs within a specific QCNO implementation but emphasizes that the preferable execution regime depends on backend error rates, connectivity, circuit depth, measurement cost, error-correction architecture, and synthesis requirements.

The authors explicitly state that their calculations do not establish a universal NISQ-to-fault-tolerant crossover, leaving the existence and characterization of such a crossover unresolved.