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Refined equivalence of V_Z(Γ,G) and V_{Z^∧}(Γ,\tilde H) under the swap isomorphism

Establish that, for a finite subgroup Γ of SU(2) and a central extension 0→Z→G→H→0 with Langlands dual extension 0→Z^∧→\tilde H→\tilde G→0, the representation V_Z(Γ,G) of F(Γ;Z)=H^1(BΓ;Z)×H^2(BΓ;Z)^∧ is equivalent to the representation V_{Z^∧}(Γ,\tilde H) of F(Γ;Z^∧), after identifying F(Γ;Z) with F(Γ;Z^∧) via the swap isomorphism s constructed from Poincaré duality on S^3/Γ.

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Background

Beyond counting homomorphisms, the authors refine the problem by organizing twisted homomorphisms classified by H2(BΓ;Z) into a representation V_Z(Γ,G) of a finite abelian group F(Γ;Z)=H1(BΓ;Z)×H2(BΓ;Z)∧. For Langlands dual data, they construct an analogous V_{Z∧}(Γ,\tilde H).

Using a natural swap isomorphism s that interchanges H1 and H2 via Poincaré duality for S3/Γ, the refined conjecture predicts an equivalence of these representations after identifying F(Γ;Z) and F(Γ;Z∧) through s. The authors prove this refined conjecture in several cases but leave the general statement open.

References

We can now state a refinement of Conjecture~\ref{conj:rough}: Pick a finite subgroup Γ of SU(2). Then V_Z(Γ,G) is a representation of F(Γ;Z) and V_{Z\wedge}(Γ,\tilde H) is a representation of F(Γ;Z\wedge). Under the setup above, V_Z(Γ,G) as a representation of F(Γ;Z) and V_{Z\wedge}(Γ,\tilde H) as a representation of F(Γ;Z\wedge) are equivalent when we identify the groups F(Γ;Z) and F(Γ;Z\wedge) using the swap isomorphism s.

On homomorphisms from finite subgroups of $SU(2)$ to Langlands dual pairs of groups (2505.01253 - Kojima et al., 2 May 2025) in Conjecture 2 (conj:finer), Subsection 1.2