P vs NP problem

Determine whether the complexity classes P and NP are equal, thereby resolving the P versus NP problem.

Background

The paper surveys exponential lower bounds for monotone circuits computing natural graph properties (e.g., clique and perfect matching) and explains how sunflowers contribute to these bounds. However, extending such exponential lower bounds to general Boolean circuits (which allow negations) would imply P ≠ NP.

Since proving superpolynomial lower bounds for general circuits strong enough to separate P from NP remains elusive, the P vs NP problem is highlighted as a central open question in this context.