Origin of ICM turbulence powering the Perseus giant radio halo

Determine the origin of the intracluster medium turbulence in the outskirts of the Perseus cluster that powers the newly discovered giant radio halo, distinguishing among turbulence from a past off-axis merger event, continuous minor mergers, or other processes.

Background

The discovery of a giant radio halo encompassing Perseus implies significant turbulent energy in the cluster outskirts. While past off-axis mergers and large-scale sloshing are plausible drivers, the exact source of this turbulence is unresolved according to the authors.