Optimality of the presented 5×5 bad science matrix
Determine whether the explicit 5×5 matrix A = (1/(2√3)) · [[2, 2, 0, 0, 2], [−2, 2, 0, 2, 0], [−2, 0, 0, −2, 2], [0, −√3, √3, √3, √3], [0, √3, √3, −√3, −√3]] maximizes β(A) = 2^{-5} ∑_{x∈{−1,1}^5} ||Ax||∞ over all 5×5 real matrices whose rows have unit ℓ2 norm.
References
We do not know whether this matrix is indeed optimal. Indeed, even for relatively small dimensions, like $n=3$ or $n=4$, rigorously proving that a certain candidate matrix is indeed extremal appears to be a highly nontrivial problem.
                — On the Structure of Bad Science Matrices
                
                (2408.00933 - Albors et al., 1 Aug 2024) in Subsection “Extremizers,” Introduction