Microscopic nature and interactions of two-level systems in amorphous solids

Identify the microscopic nature of two-level systems in amorphous solids and determine how interactions between two-level systems influence low-temperature properties of these materials.

Background

The paper notes that some low-temperature anomalies of amorphous solids can be captured by phenomenological models of noninteracting two-level systems, but the microscopic origin of these entities and the role of their interactions remain unresolved. Understanding these aspects is crucial for a complete microscopic theory of amorphous solids at low temperatures.

The authors argue that programmable Rydberg-atom platforms, capable of emulating interacting spin models without intrinsic lattice order, may enable systematic exploration of such questions, especially in regimes challenging for classical simulations.