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Non-randomness of multiple copies for high assembly index objects

Prove that, within Assembly Theory, observing a copy number ni greater than 1 for a distinguishable object with sufficiently high assembly index di cannot occur by random, non-selective processes.

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Background

A key prediction of Assembly Theory is that highly assembled objects appearing in multiple identical copies are signatures of selection, because the combinatorial space of possible joining operations makes repeated random production of the same complex object super-exponentially unlikely.

The authors explicitly conjecture that observing more than one identical copy for sufficiently high assembly index objects cannot result from random processes, distinguishing evolved complexity from randomness.

References

That is, observing ni > 1 for a complex object with sufficiently high di is non trivial, and in AT is conjectured to not be possible to happen randomly (in the absence of selection).

Assembly Theory and its Relationship with Computational Complexity (2406.12176 - Kempes et al., 18 Jun 2024) in Section “Assembly Theory”