Intrinsic velocities of aligned continuous jets versus transient ejecta

Determine whether continuous jets that remain aligned with a stable axis in black hole X-ray binaries have intrinsic velocities that differ from those of transient discrete ejecta with variable orientations.

Background

The study finds that discrete ejecta in GRS 1915+105 during the obscured phase have unusually low intrinsic velocities and large orientation changes, supporting a disk-origin scenario for at least some ejecta. Prior work suggests that transient jets with variable directions tend to be slower intrinsically.

Against this context, the authors emphasize that it is presently unclear whether aligned continuous jets (which appear to be linked to a stable axis, possibly the black hole spin) exhibit different intrinsic velocities compared to transient, variably oriented ejecta.

References

In contrast, it is unclear from existing observations whether the aligned continuous jets have different intrinsic velocities.

— A large misalignment between continuous jet and discrete ejecta in microquasar GRS 1915+105 during its obscured phase  (2604.00357 - Jiang et al., 1 Apr 2026) in Section 4.1 (Scenario of warped disk)