Finitary version of the dependence theorem

Determine whether, for every pair of positive integers d and k, there exists an integer N=N(d,k) such that, for every set X and every function f:X^d\to X, the absence of partitions d=u\sqcup v and tuples x_m\in X^u, y_m\in X^v satisfying f(x_l^\frown y_l)\ne f(x_m^\frown y_n) for all l<N and m<n<N implies the existence of a partition X=\bigsqcup_{j<k}U_j for which, on every corresponding rectangle determined by s\in k^d, the function f depends on at most one coordinate.

Background

The paper proves an infinitary dichotomy for functions on finite-dimensional combinatorial cubes. Given f on a product of d sets, either the domain admits a finite rectangular partition on each cell of which f depends on at most one coordinate, or there are sequences of partial tuples witnessing a strong failure of one-coordinate dependence through infinitely many inequalities.

The unresolved question asks whether this dichotomy has a uniform finitary analogue. Specifically, it asks whether the existence of sufficiently large finite witnesses to the second alternative can be bounded solely in terms of the dimension d and the number k of pieces in the partition. If no such bounded witness exists, the desired conclusion would be a k-piece partition whose every cell exhibits one-coordinate dependence.

References

In Question~11 I asked whether there is a finitary version of Theorem~\ref{T.Dependence}, without suggesting what such finitary version should look like. A more precise question (to which I do not know the answer) is whether for all $d$ and $k$ there is $N=N(d,k)$ such that for all $X$ and all $f\colon Xd\to X$, if there are no $d=u\sqcup v$, $x_m\in Xu$, $y_m\in Yv$ for $m<n$ such that $f(x_l{}\frown y_l)\neq f(x_m{}\frown y_n)$ for all $ l<N$ and $m<n<N$, then there is a partition $X=\bigsqcup_{j<k} U_{i}$ such that for every $s\in kd$ there are $j(s)<d$ and $g_s\colon U_{j(s)}\to Y$ such that $f$ agrees with $g_s\circ \pi_{j(s)}$ on $\prod_{i<d} U_{s(i)}$.

Dependence of functions on their variables  (2503.07864 - Farah, 10 Mar 2025) in Concluding remarks, final paragraph before the bibliography