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General explicit phase-plane trajectory for Fisher–Stefan travelling waves

Develop a general explicit expression for the phase-plane trajectory V(U) satisfying V(U) dV/dU = −c V(U) − U(1 − U) with V(1) = 0, which characterizes Fisher–Stefan travelling-wave solutions, for arbitrary wave speeds c.

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Background

For the Fisher–Stefan model, the travelling-wave analysis leads to the phase-plane system U' = V and V' = −cV − U(1 − U). The authors reduce this to a single first-order ODE for the trajectory V(U) to facilitate analysis of invading and receding waves.

They note that a general closed-form for V(U) is not available; instead, they construct perturbation solutions around special cases (e.g., c ≈ 0) to approximate the trajectory and deduce relationships between c and the Stefan parameter κ.

References

While we are unable to solve (\ref{eq:FisherStefanc01}) to give a general expression for V(U) for arbitrary values of c, we can solve for V(U) in the special case c=0.

Fisher-KPP-type models of biological invasion: Open source computational tools, key concepts and analysis (2403.01667 - Simpson et al., 4 Mar 2024) in Section 5 (Fisher-Stefan model), paragraph introducing Equation (FisherStefanc01)