Evolutionary status of ZZ PsA

Establish the evolutionary status of the contact binary ZZ PsA through further long-term photometric and spectroscopic monitoring, specifically determining whether it is dynamically unstable and close to coalescence or remains a borderline, stable configuration.

Background

ZZ PsA has an extremely low mass ratio and a very high fill-out factor, making it a potential merger candidate. Its spin-to-orbital angular-momentum ratio lies slightly below the classical Darwin-instability threshold, but the uncertainty interval extends above that threshold. Its observed mass ratio is likewise close to the instability value, and different instability criteria yield non-identical classifications.

Because the available measurements do not distinguish decisively between stability and instability, the authors characterize ZZ PsA as a borderline rather than unambiguous merger candidate and call for long-term observations.

References

The evolutionary status of ZZ PsA remains uncertain and requires further long-term photometric and spectroscopic monitoring.

These objects show that the low mass ratio limit remains an open problem requiring both larger observational samples and refined stability calculations.

— Extremely Low Mass Ratio Contact Binaries. III. Photometric and Spectroscopic Investigations of Eleven Systems  (2608.28066 - Lai et al., 28 Aug 2026) in Section 1, Introduction