Determine whether star-formation efficiency alone drives the observed supernova-environment differences

Determine whether star-formation efficiency alone produces the observed differences between hydrogen-rich supernova and stripped-envelope supernova environments, while accounting for metallicity, binarity fraction, turbulence, and stellar-population effects.

Background

The study interprets the substantially higher star-formation efficiencies at stripped-envelope supernova locations as evidence for differences in progenitor channels, including a top-heavy initial mass function, enhanced binary production, or environmentally driven binarity. However, the authors note that the molecular-gas estimates are sensitive to metallicity and that other physical conditions may also influence the observed relation between star-formation rate and molecular-gas content.

The paper therefore identifies the attribution of the observed outcomes specifically to star-formation efficiency as unresolved and calls for further studies incorporating additional environmental and stellar-population parameters.

References

Further studies including other physical conditions (e.g., metal content, binarity fraction, turbulence, stellar populations, etc.) would be required to consider whether SFE alone is producing the observed outcomes.

— The efficient star-forming regions of stripped-envelope supernovae  (2608.18897 - Solar et al., 19 Aug 2026) in Section 4.3, Caveats