Role of healing versus tolerance in defect-mediated recovery

Determine whether the recovery of lead-halide perovskites after photoinduced or field-induced stress results from defect healing, defect tolerance, or both.

Background

Ionic defects in lead-halide perovskites are mobile and can rearrange on laboratory timescales, enabling recovery after stress. The review identifies an unresolved distinction between defects becoming electronically benign, physically healing, or benefiting from both processes.

References

The observed recovery of performance after stress — "self-healing" — has been framed as a distinct pillar of the material's forgiveness, raising the still-open question of whether defects here are healed, tolerated, or both.

— Band-like Carriers in a Soft, Anharmonic Lattice: Lead-Halide Perovskites  (2608.28104 - Lee et al., 28 Aug 2026) in Section 9.5, The mobile defect population and self-healing