Confirm episodic-accretion outbursts in IRAM 04191+1522

Confirm whether IRAM 04191+1522 undergoes episodic-accretion outbursts and determine whether any such outbursts are EXor-like or FUor-like.

Background

Previous chemical and radiative-transfer modeling has suggested that a past accretion burst could explain features in the molecular-line emission of IRAM 04191+1522. However, the present observations do not establish whether the source actually undergoes recurrent outbursts.

The authors propose a high-cadence monitoring campaign to test for such variability. Confirming episodic accretion would provide evidence relevant to whether the object can grow into a stellar system during the Class 0 stage, while the temporal behavior could distinguish between EXor-like and FUor-like events.

References

A monitoring campaign with observations taken at a high cadence in time are needed to confirm if this source goes into outburst because of episodic accretion events.

— Complex morphology and kinematics at the heart of the very low luminosity object IRAM 04191+1522  (2608.17593 - Otten et al., 18 Aug 2026) in Section 4, subsection “The fate of IRAM04191,” item 2