Confirm the CO2 detection in Epsilon Indi Ab

Confirm the presence of carbon dioxide (CO2) in Epsilon Indi Ab's atmosphere by obtaining stronger or independent observational evidence than the reported molecular-mapping signal with signal-to-noise ratio 2.5.

Background

The paper applies molecular mapping to JWST NIRSpec and MIRI integral-field spectroscopic data of the temperate super-Jupiter Epsilon Indi Ab. By cross-correlating the observations with single-molecule atmospheric templates, the authors report secure detections of ammonia and water vapor, a weaker possible detection of methane, and an attempted carbon-dioxide detection in MIRI sub-channel 3C. Because the CO2 signal has a low signal-to-noise ratio, the authors explicitly state that it requires confirmation, leaving the atmospheric presence of CO2 unresolved.

References

We also show an attempt to detect CO$_2$ with a S/N of 2.5 in MIRI 3C that needs to be confirmed.

— Molecular mapping of an exoplanet with JWST: NH3 detection in the temperate super-Jupiter Epsilon Indi Ab  (2609.25784 - Kravtchenko et al., 22 Sep 2026) in Section 3, Subsection 3.3, “Molecular mapping”