Realizing non-suspension co-H-spaces as Conley indices of isolated critical points

Determine whether there exists a smooth function f: R^{m+1} → R with an isolated critical point at the origin such that the Conley index C({0}) of the isolated invariant set {0} (for the negative gradient flow of f) is a co-H-space that is not homotopy equivalent to a suspension.

Background

For a smooth function f on a manifold X, the Conley index C(S) of an isolated invariant set S for the gradient flow is a homotopy invariant capturing local dynamics. When S is an isolated critical point x that is not a minimum, C({x}) is a co-H-space. Pears proved that for any finite CW-complex Z, there exists a smooth function on R{\tilde{m}+1} with an isolated critical point at the origin whose Conley index is the suspension \Sigma Z, showing that suspensions can occur as such Conley indices.

However, while there are co-H-spaces that are not suspensions, it is unresolved whether any such non-suspension co-H-space can occur as the Conley index of an isolated critical point of a smooth function on Euclidean space. Establishing this would clarify the range of homotopy types realizable as local Conley indices of isolated singularities.

References

As said before, it is known there exists co-H-spaces that are not suspensions. It is an open problem whether such a space is C({0}) for a smooth function on R{\tilde{m}+1} with an isolated critical point at the origin, see Chapter 7 for a discussion.

Floer homotopy theory and degenerate Lagrangian intersections  (2410.11478 - Blakey, 2024) in Section 3, Subsection "Isolated critical points," Remark following Theorem 4.9 [Pea94]